Physiology I II HEC BScN, BSN, Syllabus Overview
In the Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BScN) program, the curriculum includes a comprehensive study of physiology over two semesters. Each course, Physiology I and Physiology II, accounts for 3 theory credit hours, with no laboratory or clinical hours required.
Physiology Semester Hours
The program requires a total of 136 credit hours. The physiology courses are crucial for understanding the physiological processes that underlie nursing practice.
Course Description
The physiology courses introduce learners to the structures and functions of the human body. A solid foundation in anatomy and physiology enhances the understanding and integration of theoretical and clinical practices in nursing.
Course Objectives
Upon completion of these courses, learners will be able to:
- Describe the structure and function of various systems of the human body.
- Discuss the role of homeostasis in maintaining normal body functioning.
- Relate basic anatomy and physiology concepts to the nursing care of clients.
Physiology I Course Outline
| Sr.No | Topics |
|---|---|
| 1. | Unit I: Introduction to the Body as a Whole Define the term Physiology; Understand the relationship between Anatomy & Physiology. |
| 2. | Define the level of organization of the body; Discuss their functions and importance. |
| 3. | Unit II: Homeostasis & Adaptation Define homeostasis; Discuss the factors affecting homeostasis. |
| 4. | Define feedback mechanism and its components; Discuss the role of feedback mechanisms in maintaining homeostasis with examples. |
| 5. | Unit III: Cell, Tissues & Membrane Describe the structure and functions of a cell; Discuss the process of cell division (mitosis and meiosis). |
| 6. | Discuss the importance of mitosis & meiosis; Classify tissues into the following four major types: Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous. |
| 7. | Unit IV: The Skeletal System Define the skeletal system; Discuss the structure, types, and functions of bone. |
| 8. | List the functions of the skeletal system; Identify the bones of the axial & appendicular skeleton. |
| 9. | Describe the markings on the surface of bones; Describe the bones of the skull, vertebral column, rib cage, pectoral girdle, upper extremity, pelvic girdle, and lower extremity. |
| 10. | Unit V: The Joints Define joints; List the three types of joints (Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial). |
| 11. | Describe common characteristics of synovial joints; List types of synovial joints and their movements. |
| 12. | Unit VI: The Muscular System Define fascia, epimysium, perimysium, endomysium, tendons, and aponeurosis. |
| 13. | Describe the major muscles of the neck, face, back, arms, and legs. |
| 14. | Unit VII: Integumentary System Describe the functions of the two layers of skin (Epidermis, Dermis). |
| 15. | Discuss the function of skin derivatives (Sweat gland, Sebaceous gland, Hair, Nail). |
| 16. | Discuss skin functions: Protection, Regulation of body temperature, Sensation, Absorption, Excretion. |
| 17. | Unit VIII: The Cardiovascular System Define blood and its functions; Describe composition, production, and functions of blood cells and plasma. |
| 18. | Explain ABO blood groups & Rh factor; Describe functions of arteries, veins, and capillaries. |
| 19. | Describe heart functions and blood flow through the heart; Describe the conducting system of the heart and events of the cardiac cycle. |
| 20. | Describe types of blood circulation (Pulmonary, Systemic, Coronary, Hepatic portal). |
| 21. | Unit IX: The Lymphatic System Define lymph and the lymphatic system; Identify lymphatic organs. |
| 22. | Describe lymphatic system functions; Describe lymph formation, vessels, and how lymph returns to blood. |
| 23. | Describe functions of lymph nodes, nodules, spleen, and thymus. |
| 24. | Unit X: The Digestive System Define digestive system and its functions; Identify digestive organs. |
| 25. | Describe physiology of digestive organs; Discuss accessory organs’ roles in digestion. |
| 26. | Discuss digestion in the mouth, stomach, small and large intestines; Discuss nutrient absorption and defecation. |
Physiology II Course Outline
| Sr.No | Topics |
|---|---|
| 1. | Unit I: Respiratory System Define respiratory system and respiration. |
| 2. | Describe upper respiratory tract (Nose, Pharynx, Larynx) and lower respiratory tract (Trachea, Bronchial tree, Lungs). |
| 3. | Discuss the physiology of respiration (Pulmonary Ventilation, External Respiration, Internal Respiration). |
| 4. | Discuss nervous control of respiration; Briefly discuss lung volumes & capacities. |
| 5. | Unit II: Urinary System Define urinary system and list its organs. |
| 6. | Discuss kidney location, external anatomy, gross structure & microscopic structure. |
| 7. | Describe nephron components in filtration, reabsorption, and secretion for urine formation. |
| 8. | Discuss kidney roles in water and electrolyte balance; Describe ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. |
| 9. | Briefly explain micturition. |
| 10. | Unit III: Nervous System Define nervous system and its organization; Describe neuron and neuroglia structure and function. |
| 11. | Define nerve types; Identify brain parts (Hind brain, Mid brain, Fore brain). |
| 12. | Describe meninges covering the brain & spinal cord; Identify brain ventricles. |
| 13. | Briefly explain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) formation, circulation, reabsorption & functions. |
| 14. | Describe the cerebrum (Lobes, Functional areas); Discuss brain stem (Mid brain, Pons, Medulla oblongata) and cerebellum functions. |
| 15. | Discuss spinal cord structure; Describe reflex arc; Discuss spinal nerves and plexus distribution. |
| 16. | Discuss cranial nerves (Central connection, Peripheral connection, Functions). |
| 17. | Define autonomic nervous system; Discuss sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. |
| 18. | Unit IV: Special Senses Discuss sound transmission through the ear; Describe hearing and balance physiology. |
| 19. | Describe eye structure in relation to vision and accessory structures; Discuss image formation (refraction, accommodation, pupil constriction). |
| 20. | Explain dark and light adaptation processes. |
| 21. | Unit V: Endocrine System Define endocrine system; Identify endocrine glands and tissues. |
| 22. | Discuss hormone types, target cells, and organs. |
| 23. | Briefly discuss hormone action mechanisms (protein and steroids). |
| 24. | Discuss pituitary gland structure and functions; Discuss hypothalamic hormones’ roles in pituitary regulation. |
| 25. | Discuss anterior and posterior pituitary gland hormones. |
| 26. | Briefly discuss thyroid, parathyroid, pineal, adrenal, and pancreas structures and functions. |
| 27. | Unit VI: Reproductive System Define reproduction and reproductive system; List male & female reproductive functions. |
| 28. | Categorize female reproductive organs (Essential, Accessory) and discuss external genitalia (Vulva) and internal genitalia functions. |
| 29. | Discuss female reproductive cycles (ovarian and menstrual). |
| 30. | Categorize male reproductive organs (Essential, Accessory) and describe their structures and functions. |
Physiology I, II Lab Practical
| Sr.No | Practical |
|---|---|
| 1. | Determine your own blood group. |
| 2. | Determine ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate). |
| 3. | Determine bleeding time. |
| 4. | Determine clotting time. |
| 5. | Study postural effect on blood pressure. |
| 6. | Clinical examination of arterial pulse. |
| 7. | Recording of ECG (Electrocardiogram). |
Reference Books
- Guyton, A. C. (2001). Medical Physiology (10th ed.). Washington: Kirokawa.
- Tortora, G. J. (2000). Principles of Human Anatomy and Physiology (3rd ed.). New York: Harper & Row.
This comprehensive curriculum ensures nursing students