Adult Health Nursing BScN 2nd Year

Adult Health Nursing BScN 2nd Year Syllabus and Course Outline

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Adult Health Nursing BScN 2nd Year: Adult Health Nursing BScN 2nd Year Syllabus and Course Outline

Subject Semester Hours

In the 136 credit-hour program, both Adult Health Nursing I (AHN I) and Adult Health Nursing II (AHN II) consist of:

  • 8 theory credit hours
  • 4 theory credit hours
  • 3 clinical credit hours
  • 1 lab hour

These courses are classified as Discipline-Specific Courses, with no additional lab or clinical hours required.

Course Description

The Adult Health Nursing courses aim to equip learners with the necessary knowledge and skills to provide care for adult patients admitted to hospitals with various disease conditions. Emphasizing the effective utilization of the nursing process, the courses focus on delivering comprehensive care to clients, facilitating the restoration of optimal health. Assessment tools are employed to recognize individual and familial responses to disease processes, enabling tailored care planning. The curriculum includes specific nursing skills and procedures essential for caring for ill patients, with exposure to diverse clinical settings to integrate theoretical knowledge into supervised practice.

Course Objectives

Upon successful completion of the course, learners will be able to:

  1. Disease Process and Management:
    • Discuss the disease process, medical and surgical management, including patient education for clients experiencing the following disorders:
      • a. Haematology Disorders
      • b. Immunological Disorders
      • c. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance and Imbalance
      • d. Cellular Adaptation and Aberrant Cell Growth
      • e. Gastrointestinal Disorders
      • f. Genitourinary Disorders
  2. Nursing Care for Procedures:
    • Discuss the purposes, indications, and nursing care of clients undergoing medical, surgical, and diagnostic procedures related to the aforementioned disorders.
  3. Nursing Process Utilization:
    • Utilize the nursing process when caring for adult clients and their families related to the specified disorders.
  4. Integration of Knowledge:
    • Integrate knowledge of pathophysiology, nutrition, and pharmacology for clients experiencing the listed disorders.
  5. Research Integration:
    • Begin to recognize the need for integrating research-based information in the care of clients.
  6. Legal and Ethical Awareness:
    • Demonstrate awareness of the importance of legal and ethical issues in nursing practice.

Adult Health Nursing I (AHN I)

Course Topics

Sr No Topics
1. UNIT I: Gastrointestinal Disorders
– Review the anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal system (GIT)
– Discuss the causes, pathophysiology, and manifestations of the following GIT disorders.
2. Discuss the diagnostic, medical, and surgical management of the aforementioned disorders.
3. Apply the nursing process, including assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation of care provided to clients with GIT disorders.
4. Develop a teaching plan for a client experiencing disorders of the GIT.
5. Disorders of the mouth and esophagus:
– Stomatitis
– Oral cancer/tumor
6. Salivary gland disorders.
7. Gastroesophageal reflux disorder + Hiatal hernia.
8. Achalasia + Diverticula.
9. Esophageal cancer/tumor.
10. Disorders of the Stomach
– Gastritis + Ulcer disease
11. Gastric carcinoma.
12. Disorders of the Small and Large Intestine:
– Irritable bowel syndrome + Hernias + Intestinal obstruction.
13. Hemorrhoids + Colorectal cancer + Appendicitis.
14. Peritonitis + Ulcerative colitis + Crohn’s disease.
15. Anorectal abscess + Anal fissure + Anal fistula.
16. Alterations in the Hepatobiliary System:
17. Pancreatitis + Pancreatic pseudocyst/abscess.
18. Pancreatic carcinoma.
19. Hepatic abscess + Cancer of liver + Cirrhosis of liver.
20. Cholecystitis + Cholelithiasis.
21. Cancer of gall bladder.
22. UNIT II: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance & Imbalances
– Analyze the client’s status based on physical examination findings
– Identify clients at risk for fluid imbalances, acidosis, and alkalosis.
23. Use laboratory data and clinical manifestations to determine the presence of fluid imbalances, acidosis, and alkalosis.
24. Apply appropriate nursing techniques to clients with fluid volume deficits and excesses, and acidosis and alkalosis.
25. Develop a teaching plan to prevent the aforementioned problems.
26. Fluid volume excess + Fluid volume deficit.
27. Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis.
28. Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis.
29. UNIT III: Genitourinary Tract (GUT) Disorders
– Review the anatomy & physiology of GUT
– Discuss the causes, pathophysiology, and manifestations of the following GUT disorders.
30. Discuss the diagnostic, medical, and surgical management.
Apply the nursing process, including assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation of care provided to clients with genitourinary disorders.
Develop a teaching plan for a client experiencing disorders of the genitourinary:
– Urinary tract infections + Renal abscess & tuberculosis.
31. Glomerulonephritis (immunologic disorder) + Urethral strictures, hydroureter, and hydronephrosis.
32. Urinary incontinence/Retention + Urinary Calculi.
33. Acute & Chronic Renal Failure.
34. Urinary Bladder and Renal cell carcinoma.
35. UNIT IV: Reproductive Disorders
– Female Reproductive Disorders:
– Review the anatomy & physiology of the female reproductive system
– Discuss the function of supporting ligaments and pelvic floor muscles in maintaining pelvic organ position.
36. Discuss alterations in estrogen and progesterone levels as causes of dysfunctional menstrual cycles.
Discuss causes, pathophysiology, and manifestations of the following female reproductive disorders.
Discuss the diagnostic, medical, and surgical management of the mentioned disorders.
Apply the nursing process, including assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation of care provided to clients with reproductive disorders.
Develop a teaching plan for a client experiencing reproductive system disorders:
– Reproductive tract Infections.
37. Menstrual Disorders + Dysfunctional uterine bleeding.
38. Menopause + Endometriosis.
39. Pelvic inflammatory disease + Uterine prolapse.
40. Cystocele + Rectocele.
41. Fistulas + Infertility.
42. Ectopic Pregnancy + Abortion.
43. Hydatidiform mole + Ovarian cyst.
44. Ovarian tumor and cancer.
45. Uterine tumor/fibroids + Breast cancer.
46. Male Reproductive Disorders:
– Discuss the structure & function of the male reproductive system.
– Discuss causes, pathophysiology, and manifestations of male reproductive disorders.
– Discuss diagnostic, medical, and surgical management of the mentioned disorders.
– Apply the nursing process, including assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation of care provided to clients with male reproductive disorders.
– Develop a teaching plan for a client experiencing reproductive system disorders:
– Benign prostate hypertrophy + Erectile dysfunction.
47. Prostate and testicular cancer.
48. Infertility in males.
49. UNIT V: Haematology Disorders
– Discuss the causes, manifestations, and associated mechanisms of anemia.
50. Describe the pathogenesis of hemolytic disease of the newborn.
51. Discuss lymph proliferative disorders associated with Hodgkin disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas + Discuss the mechanisms of drug-induced and idiopathic thrombocytopenia.
52. Discuss the diagnostic, medical, and surgical management of the mentioned disorders + Apply the nursing process, including assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation of care provided to clients with hematological disorders.
53. Develop a teaching plan for a client experiencing hematology disorders:
– Sickle cell anemia + Immunohemolytic Anemia.
54. Iron deficiency anemia + Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
55. Folic acid deficiency anemia + Aplastic anemia.
56. Polycythemia.
57. Leukemia + Hodgkin disease & Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
58. Autoimmune and thrombotic Thrombocytopenic purpura + DIC.
59. UNIT VI: Cellular Adaptation & Aberrant Cell Growth
– Identify the goals of cancer therapy.
60. Discuss different treatment modalities available for Cancer.
61. Discuss chemotherapy and radiation therapy, including types, indications, side effects, and nursing care.
62. Discuss various types of cancer surgeries and nursing care for patients undergoing cancer surgery.
63. Discuss end-of-life care (palliative and hospice care).
64. UNIT VI: Immunological Disorders
– Discuss immunologic disorders.
65. Discuss the diagnostic, medical, and surgical management of the mentioned disorders.
66. Apply the nursing process, including assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation of care provided to clients with immunological disorders.
Develop a teaching plan for a client experiencing immunology disorders:
– HIV/AIDS.
67. Hypersensitivity and autoimmunity disorders.

Clinical Objectives

During medical/surgical rotations, learners are expected to apply the nursing process and critical thinking to deliver holistic nursing care to clients with oncological, hematological, immunological, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary disorders. Learners will utilize recommended assessment tools for client evaluations during clinical practice.

Primary Objectives

  1. Nursing Process Application:
    • Utilize the nursing process in providing care to sick adults in the hospital.
      • a. Collect data from clients and families, nursing kardex, patient charts, nursing notes, and health team members.
      • b. Integrate knowledge of diagnostic tests in data collection.
      • c. Collect necessary data to determine nursing care needs.
      • d. Set priorities for nursing care.
      • e. Develop a care plan to meet identified nursing needs.
      • f. Adjust the care plan as necessary.
  2. Knowledge Base Utilization:
    • Use a sound knowledge base in providing nursing care to adults in the hospital.
  3. Scientific Principles Application:
    • Apply scientific principles in providing nursing care for adults.
  4. Impact Identification:
    • Identify the effects of sickness and hospitalization on adults and their families.
  5. Nursing Interventions Planning:
    • Identify and plan nursing interventions to meet the physiological, psychosocial, and spiritual needs of clients and their families.
  6. Care Implementation:
    • Implement care according to priority order.
  7. Perioperative Nursing Care:
    • Provide perioperative nursing care to clients undergoing surgery.
  8. Care Plan Evaluation:
    • Evaluate expected outcomes and revise the nursing care plan on an ongoing basis.
  9. Comfort and Safety Provision:
    • Ensure the comfort and safety of adults in the hospital.
  10. Effective Communication:
    • Communicate effectively with patients and/or their families using verbal and non-verbal methods.
    • Explain nursing actions appropriately.
    • Perform nursing procedures safely and correctly.
    • Use correct procedures and ensure patient safety.
    • Perform skills with dexterity.
    • Maintain accurate records and reports.
      • a. Record comprehensive patient data.
      • b. Report significant patient data to appropriate personnel.
  11. Health Teaching:
    • Assess, plan, implement, and evaluate health teaching related to medical and surgical conditions of patients.
  12. Diagnostic Procedures Integration:
    • Integrate theoretical knowledge and participate in the care of clients undergoing the following diagnostic procedures:
      • Upper and lower GI endoscopies
      • Ultrasound
      • Barium studies
      • Liver biopsy
      • Cystoscopy
      • Paracentesis
      • CT (Computed Tomography) scan
      • Pathological Lab tests
      • IVP (Intravenous Pyelography)
      • X-rays
      • Gastric analysis
  13. Knowledge Integration:
    • Integrate knowledge of pathophysiology, nutrition, and pharmacology for clients experiencing various disorders.
  14. Research Integration:
    • Begin to recognize the need for integrating research-based information in client care.
  15. Legal and Ethical Awareness:
    • Demonstrate awareness of the importance of legal and ethical issues in nursing practice.
  16. Health Educator Role:
    • Demonstrate the role of a nurse as a health educator.

Clinical Skills Checklist

  • IV Medication Administration
  • Tube Feeding and Insertion
  • Catheterization
  • Ostomy Care

Adult Health Nursing II (AHN II)

Course Description

Adult Health Nursing II provides learners with opportunities to deliver safe and competent care to patients with various cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, musculoskeletal, neurological, and ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) disorders. The course fosters the development of critical thinking and nursing judgment, enabling students to care for a diverse range of patients, including those requiring long-term care. Emphasis is placed on patient education and discharge planning.

Course Objectives

By the end of Adult Health Nursing II, learners will be able to:

  1. Holistic Care Utilization:
    • Demonstrate the ability to utilize the nursing process in extending holistic care to adult patients with a variety of cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, musculoskeletal, neurological, and ENT-related disorders.
  2. Disease Process Understanding:
    • Describe the risk factors, etiology, signs, and symptoms, and integrate pathophysiology of various disease processes using a nursing framework (Functional Health Pattern) to assess patients’ needs and problems.
  3. Research-Based Care:
    • Discuss the need for using relevant research findings in designing appropriate nursing care for patients.
  4. Legal and Ethical Standards:
    • Demonstrate awareness of legal and ethical standards in caring for patients with various disorders in different acute and intermediate care settings.

AHN II Course Topics

Sr No Topics
1. UNIT I: Orthopedic Nursing
– Relate the normal anatomy and physiology of the musculoskeletal system to alterations in normal structures and functions.
2. Assist in carrying out diagnostic procedures related to the musculoskeletal system; recognize and report abnormalities in results.
3. Identify client needs related to different types of traction and amputation.
Use nursing concepts to identify potential complications associated with musculoskeletal disorders.
Utilize the nursing process in delivering care, promoting, and maintaining optimal wellness for clients with musculoskeletal disorders.
Perform neuromuscular assessments independently on patients with musculoskeletal disorders.
Demonstrate pre- and post-operative nursing care for patients undergoing musculoskeletal surgeries, including soft tissue injury, fractures, and amputations.
4. Paget’s disease and Gout.
5. Osteomyelitis + Osteoarthritis.
6. Osteoporosis + Rheumatoid Arthritis.
7. Bone tumors + Tuberculosis.
8. UNIT II: Endocrine Nursing
– Identify the pathogenesis and manifestations of acute and chronic complications of diabetes mellitus.
– Assess hypo- and hyperglycemic conditions.
– Discuss the medical and pharmacological treatment for diabetic clients.
9. Discuss the purpose and dietary planning for diabetic clients.
Describe the nursing management of newly diagnosed diabetic clients.
10. Describe the nursing management of diabetic clients with ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, and those undergoing surgery.
11. Discuss the psychological impact of diabetes mellitus on clients and their families.
Outline nursing responsibilities in the long-term management of diabetic clients.
Demonstrate understanding of the medical and surgical management of patients with thyroid disorders.
12. Describe pre- and post-operative care for thyroidectomy.
Identify potential complications of thyroid disorders and describe appropriate measures.
13. Explain complications of thyroidectomy.
Discuss treatment modalities for patients with parathyroid disorders.
14. Utilize the nursing process in providing care to patients with parathyroid gland disorders.
Integrate disorders associated with the adrenal cortex and medulla.
Describe treatment modalities for patients with adrenal gland disorders.
Utilize the nursing process in providing care to patients with adrenal gland disorders.
Review effects and side effects of glucocorticoid therapy and plan client teaching accordingly.
Explain the systemic effects of short- and long-term use of corticosteroid therapy.
15. UNIT III: Neurological Nursing
– Increased ICP (Intracranial Pressure) and Head Injury
– Review anatomy and physiology of the brain and its protective structures.
– Differentiate between primary and secondary head injuries; understand related pathophysiology.
– Anticipate major complications from head injuries.
– Utilize the nursing process in caring for patients with head injuries.
16. Spinal Cord Injury
– Review basic anatomy and physiology of the spinal cord and its protective structures.
– Discuss various mechanisms of spinal cord injury.
– Relate pathophysiological changes following partial or complete cord transection.
– Identify life-threatening complications from spinal cord injury.
– Recognize the need for prompt interventions in spinal shock and autonomic dysreflexia.
– Describe nursing care for patients with spinal cord injury in emergency and acute care settings.
– Address rehabilitative needs of patients with spinal cord injury.
– Identify causes and mechanisms of intervertebral disc herniation.
– Describe the role of nurses in surgical and non-surgical management of patients with intervertebral disc herniation.
– Discuss the importance of maintaining proper body mechanics to prevent intervertebral disc herniation.
17. Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
– Utilize the nursing process in caring for patients with CVA.
– Infections/Inflammations of the CNS (Central Nervous System):
– Meningitis/Encephalitis/Brain Abscess
– Describe alterations in intracranial dynamics resulting from infectious disorders of the CNS.
– Differentiate between the etiology, manifestations, and diagnostic markers of meningitis, encephalitis, and brain abscess.
18. Discuss the pharmacological and nursing management of patients with inflammations and infections of the CNS.
19. Epilepsy/Seizures
– Use the nursing process to provide care for patients with various seizure disorders.
– Demonstrate understanding of the side effects and nursing care for common antiepileptic drugs.
– Appreciate the psychological effects of epilepsy on patients and their families.
20. Disorders of Neuromuscular Transmission:
– Myasthenia Gravis (MG)/Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) (Tutorial)
– Relate normal physiology of neuromuscular transmission to the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in GBS and MG.
– Distinguish signs and symptoms of MG and GBS.
– Describe the nursing role in caring for patients undergoing diagnostic procedures to rule out MG and GBS.
21. Identify major complications associated with Myasthenic Crises and Cholinergic Crises.
Utilize the nursing process in caring for patients with neuromuscular transmission disorders.
22. Pain and Painful Disorders Related to the Nervous System
– Focus on the etiology, pathophysiology, manifestations, and nursing care of patients with headaches and facial pain.
23. 1. Trigeminal Neuralgia
– Review basic anatomy of the trigeminal nerve and its main divisions.
– Explain the etiology and pathophysiology of trigeminal neuralgia.
– Recognize clinical manifestations of trigeminal neuralgia.
– Identify diagnostic techniques used to rule out the disorder.
– Explain medical and surgical management.
– Utilize the nursing process in providing care and teaching to patients with trigeminal neuralgia.
24. 2. Migraine/Headache
– Classify various types of headaches based on etiology and pathophysiology.
– Describe dietary and other precipitants of migraine headaches.
– Explain pharmacological and symptomatic treatments for different types of headaches.
– Describe nursing responsibilities in caring for and teaching patients with headaches.
25. Chronic Neurological Disorders
Parkinson’s Disease
– Discuss medical and surgical management.
– Utilize the nursing process to extend care to patients with Parkinson’s disease.
– Appreciate patient and family needs for teaching and home management.
26. 2. Alzheimer’s Disease
– Define Alzheimer’s disease.
– Discuss its etiology and pathophysiology.
– Identify signs and symptoms exhibited by patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
– Appreciate the social and psychological sequelae for patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
27. 3. Brain Damage and Special States of Altered Consciousness
– Various causes of brain damage classified as Anoxia/Hypoxia and perfusion failure.
– Pathophysiological mechanisms of anoxic and ischemic brain injury.
– General signs and symptoms manifested by patients with brain damage.
– Understand special states of altered consciousness: Persistent vegetative state, locked-in syndrome, and brain stem death.
– Discuss essential criteria for brain stem death.
– Discuss general nursing interventions and ethical considerations.
28. UNIT IV: Cardiovascular Disorders
– Review the anatomy & physiology of the cardiovascular system.
– Discuss the causes, pathophysiology, and manifestations of the following cardiovascular disorders.
– Discuss the diagnostic, medical, and surgical management of the mentioned disorders.
29. Basic ECG (Electrocardiogram) Interpretation
– Apply the nursing process, including assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation of care provided to clients with cardiovascular disorders.
– Develop a teaching plan for clients experiencing cardiovascular and lymphatic system disorders.
30. A. Disorders of the Arterial Circulation
– Atherosclerosis and Aneurysm
– Review the anatomy & physiology of blood vessels.
– Use Poiseuille’s & Laplace’s laws to explain factors affecting blood flow.
– Discuss the role of low-density lipoprotein in lipid transport and development of atherosclerosis.
31. List risk factors for atherosclerosis.
Describe the mechanisms involved in the development of atherosclerosis.
Discuss the causes and mechanisms involved in the development of aneurysm.
32. Differentiate among Berry’s, aortic, and dissecting aneurysms.
Discuss medical, surgical, and nursing management of patients.
33. B. Disorders of the Venous Circulation
– Varicose veins and venous thrombosis.
– Discuss factors assisting venous return of blood from lower extremities.
– Explain the relation of muscle pump and effects of gravity in the development of varicose veins.
34. Discuss risk factors and manifestations associated with venous thrombosis.
Discuss medical, surgical, and nursing management of patients with venous circulation disorders.
35. C. Alteration in Blood Pressure: Hypertension
– Define hypertension.
– Discuss the role of cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance in the mechanism of hypertension.
36. Discuss risk factors contributing to the development of hypertension.
Describe the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of hypertension (HTN).
Discuss medical and nursing management of patients with HTN.
37. D. Alteration in Cardiac Function
Infectious Disorders: Pericarditis, Myocarditis, and Endocarditis
– Review the anatomy & physiology of the pericardium, myocardium, and endocardium.
38. Discuss the causes, pathophysiology, and manifestations of pericarditis, myocarditis, and endocarditis.
Discuss the causes, pathophysiology, and manifestations of cardiomyopathies.
Discuss medical, surgical, and nursing management of patients with alterations in cardiac infections and myopathies.
39. E. Coronary Heart Diseases
– Discuss blood flow in coronary circulation and relate it to the metabolic needs of the heart.
– Describe pathophysiological changes and clinical manifestations in patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD).
40. Myocardial ischemia (angina & its types).
41. Myocardial infarction.
Discuss medical, surgical, and nursing management of patients suffering from coronary artery diseases.
42. F. Valvular Disorders
– Discuss alterations in hemodynamic function of the heart that occur with valvular disease.
– Differentiate the effects of stenotic and regurgitant mitral & aortic valvular heart disease on cardiovascular function.
43. G. Heart Failure
– Discuss factors affecting cardiac performance in light of Frank-Starling Law (preload, afterload, cardiac contractility).
– Describe the pathological mechanisms underlying the manifestations of congestive heart failure.
44. Differentiate between:
– Systolic versus diastolic failure
– Right side versus left side failure.
45. Discuss the clinical manifestations of congestive heart failure.
Discuss medical, surgical, and nursing management of patients with heart failure.
46. H. Disorders of Cardiac Conduction and Rhythm
– Discuss the anatomy & physiology of the cardiac conduction system.
– Explain the electrical activity of the conduction system as seen on an ECG tracing.
– Describe the mechanism for dysrhythmia generation.
47. Discuss the different types of dysrhythmias and various heart blocks.
Discuss medical, surgical, and nursing management of patients with disorders of cardiac conduction and rhythm.
48. Heart Blocks and Pacemaker
– Differentiate the various kinds of heart blocks.
– Discuss the care of clients with temporary and permanent pacemakers.
49. UNIT V: Pulmonary Nursing
– Review the anatomy & physiology of the upper respiratory tract.
– Discuss the causes, pathophysiology, and manifestations of the following respiratory tract disorders.
– Discuss the diagnostic, medical, and surgical management of the mentioned disorders.
50. Apply the nursing process, including assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation of care provided to clients with respiratory disorders.
Develop a teaching plan for a client experiencing respiratory tract disorders.
51. Upper Respiratory Tract Infections:
– Sinusitis
– Pharyngitis
– Tonsillitis.
52. Lower Respiratory Tract Infections:
– Influenza
– Pneumonia
– Pulmonary Tuberculosis (T.B).
53. Lung Abscess
Distress Syndrome
Chest trauma.
54. Obstructive Lung Diseases:
– Asthma
– COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
– Lung cancer
– Acute Respiratory failure
– Acute Respiratory Distress.
55. UNIT VI: Eye and ENT Nursing
Otitis Media and Mastoiditis/Meiner’s Disease
– Review the anatomy and physiology of the external and middle ear.
– Differentiate between Otitis Externa and Otitis Media.
– Discuss measures to prevent the spread of infection from the middle ear to the mastoid process.
– Utilize the nursing process while caring for patients with Otitis Media.
56. Epistaxis and Deviated Nasal Septum
– Review the anatomy and physiology of the nose.
– Discuss nursing care for patients with a deviated nasal septum.
– Explain emergency care for patients with epistaxis.
57. Tonsillitis
– Review the anatomy and physiology of the throat.
– Discuss important nursing care for patients with tonsillitis.
– Identify signs and symptoms of tonsillitis.
58. Discuss criteria for tonsillectomy.
Utilize the nursing process for patients undergoing surgery.
59. Laryngitis
– Explain important nursing care for patients with laryngitis.
– Utilize the nursing process while caring for patients undergoing laryngectomy.
– Describe speech therapy and available resources in the country for speech therapy post-laryngectomy.
60. Infections/Inflammations of the Eye
– Review the anatomy and physiology of the eye.
– Differentiate between signs and symptoms of different eye infections.
– Utilize the nursing process while caring for patients with various infections.
– Discuss medical treatments for Blepharitis, Hordeolum, Chalazia, Trachoma, and conjunctivitis.
61. Glaucoma/Retinal Detachment
– Identify causes of glaucoma.
– Describe diagnostic procedures and signs and symptoms in individuals with glaucoma.
– Utilize the nursing process while caring for patients with glaucoma.
62. Discuss causes of retinal detachment.
Explain signs and symptoms developed after retinal detachment.
Describe the role of nurses in caring for patients with detached retinas.
63. Cataract
– Identify causes of cataract.
– Utilize the nursing process while caring for patients with cataracts.
– Discuss the role of nurses in assisting patients after surgical interventions.
– Explain home care for patients post-surgery.
64. Burns
– Define burns.
– Discuss problems of impaired skin integrity.
– Describe various types of burns and their causative agents.
65. Demonstrate understanding of commonly used drugs in the management of cardiac arrest.
Describe complications of Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).
66. Classify the size and depth of burns.
Demonstrate understanding of the pathophysiology of major burn injuries.
67. Discuss nursing care for burn-injured patients in the immediate post-burn period.
Demonstrate basic understanding of managing cardiac arrest in an inpatient care setting.

Clinical Objectives

During Medical/Surgical Rotations, Learners are Expected to:

  1. Nursing Process Application:
    • Apply the nursing process and critical thinking in delivering holistic nursing care to clients with various medical/surgical conditions in institutional and community settings.
  2. Care Plan Formulation:
    • Formulate nursing care plans while caring for all adult clients in the units.
  3. Skill Integration:
    • Incorporate cognitive, interpersonal, and technical skills from the humanities, natural, and behavioral sciences while providing nursing care to clients.
  4. Legal and Ethical Standards:
    • Demonstrate awareness of legal and ethical standards when providing nursing care.
  5. Self-Evaluation Awareness:
    • Develop awareness for self-evaluation of effectiveness in dealing with clients with endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, ENT, neurological, and orthopedic disorders.
  6. Pharmacology Knowledge:
    • Demonstrate knowledge of pharmacology used to treat all medical-surgical disorders.
  7. Leadership Abilities:
    • Demonstrate leadership abilities necessary to foster change in the delivery of care for patients.
  8. Culturally Sensitive Teaching:
    • Provide culturally sensitive and realistic teaching to clients and families in collaboration with other health team members.
  9. Research Integration:
    • Incorporate research findings relevant to nursing practice.
  10. Healthcare Team Collaboration:
    • Collaborate with members of the healthcare team to promote and maintain optimum wellness of adult clients.
  11. Diagnostic Tests Preparation and Care:
    • Prepare and provide care for patients undergoing the following diagnostic tests/examinations:
      • CT Scan
      • Cerebral Angiography
      • Lumbar puncture
      • Myelogram
      • Audiometric testing
      • Thyroid scanning.
  12. Documentation:
    • Document all assessments, nursing care, and discharge teaching provided to clients.

Specific Clinical Objectives

In the Medical/Surgical rotations, learners will be able to:

  • Identify and Interpret Diagnostic Tests:
    • Identify normal values and alterations in diagnostic tests carried out for clients.
  • Psychological Needs Assessment:
    • Demonstrate understanding of the psychological needs of patients and their families during hospitalization and surgery.
  • Family Reactions to Trauma:
    • Discuss possible reactions that family members may exhibit when confronted with trauma, illness, and death/dying.
  • Assist with Specific Skills:
    • Assist with the following skills:
      • Lumbar puncture
      • 12-Lead ECG
      • Blood sugar measurements
      • Eye and ear irrigation
      • Eye bandaging
      • Skin and skeletal traction
      • Application of plaster and casts.
  • Develop and Assist with Tractions:
    • Develop skills in preparing and assisting with skin tractions, knee mobilizer, and CPM (Continuous Passive Motion).
    • Demonstrate pre- and post-operative nursing care for patients with musculoskeletal surgeries.
  • Provide Holistic Care:
    • Provide holistic care to patients who are bedridden and immobile.
  • ECG Interpretation:
    • Identify normal sinus rhythm on a cardiac monitor and differentiate it from abnormal rhythms.
  • Increased ICP Recognition:
    • Identify signs of increased intracranial pressure in patients with neurological conditions.
  • Emergency Room Systems Observation:
    • Observe Emergency Room systems and apply concepts of triage.
  • Role Differentiation in E.R.:
    • Differentiate the roles and responsibilities of each individual in the Emergency Room compared to other units.

Clinical Skills List

  1. Tracheostomy Care
  2. Suctioning (oral, nasal, tracheal)
  3. Assisting in Procedures
  4. Lumbar Puncture
  5. Thoracentesis
  6. Paracentesis
  7. Chest Tube Insertion
  8. Dressing Changes
  9. ECG (Electrocardiogram)

Reference Books

  1. Brune, B. (July 2001). Deep Vein Thrombosis Prophylaxis: The Effectiveness and Implications of Using Below Knee or Thigh Length Graduated Compression Stockings (Vol. 30). Heart and Lung, 277-284.
  2. Dolan, J. T. (1991). Critical Care Nursing: Clinical Management Through Nursing Process. Philadelphia: Davis.

This comprehensive curriculum ensures that nursing students are well-prepared to provide high-quality care to adult patients with a wide range of medical and surgical conditions. By integrating theoretical knowledge with practical skills and clinical experiences, the program fosters the development of competent, compassionate, and effective nursing professionals.

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