Health Care and Electronic Networking An electronic network is a system that connects two or more computers or devices, facilitating data and information exchange. This can range from a simple connection between two computers to vast systems like the Internet, which is often described as a “network of networks.” The fundamental purpose of electronic networks is to enable communication and information sharing efficiently.
Definition and Scope
In a broader sense, any network consists of at least two connected points. For example, a face-to-face conversation between two individuals can be considered a basic network. When these connections are made using technology—such as telephones or computers—the networks become more complex and capable of handling larger volumes of data and diverse types of information.
Types of Networks
Electronic networks can be categorized based on their size and reach:
- Local Area Networks (LANs): These networks serve a limited geographical area, such as a single building or campus. They are commonly used in offices and schools for sharing resources like printers and files.
- Wide Area Networks (WANs): These networks cover a broader geographical area and can connect multiple LANs. The Internet itself is the largest WAN.
- Intranets: These are private networks that use Internet protocols and technologies to securely share information within an organization, offering a controlled environment for data exchange.
Goal Of Networking In Health Care
The primary goal of networking in healthcare is to facilitate effective information exchange. This can be both bidirectional (e.g., patient data sent and received) and unidirectional (e.g., information disseminated from a central source).
Enhancing Communication
Effective communication is crucial in healthcare, and electronic networks enhance this process by:
- Connecting healthcare providers, patients, and families, thereby improving collaboration.
- Allowing real-time updates on patient conditions, facilitating quicker decision-making and responses.
Improving Access to Information
By utilizing electronic networks, healthcare professionals can access up-to-date medical information, research studies, and treatment protocols, leading to improved patient care outcomes. Additionally, patients can access their health information and educational resources, empowering them to take charge of their health.
Mean of Communication
Electronic networks provide a wide range of communication methods essential for nursing and healthcare. They support various forms of interaction, including:
- Email: For direct communication among healthcare providers, facilitating quick inquiries and sharing of information.
- Telehealth: Video conferencing tools allow healthcare providers to conduct remote consultations, making healthcare accessible to those unable to visit in person.
- Patient Portals: Secure online platforms where patients can view their health records, schedule appointments, and communicate with their healthcare team.
Collaborative Research and Education
Electronic networks also enable collaborative research across institutions and disciplines, facilitating knowledge sharing and advancing healthcare practices. Nurses can participate in ongoing education through online courses and webinars, regardless of their location, thus broadening their skill set and enhancing patient care.
Nursing Essence And Networking
The essence of nursing is fundamentally rooted in the establishment of relationships, particularly the nurse-patient relationship. While the traditional concept of networking in nursing has focused on interpersonal connections, the advent of electronic networking presents new opportunities and challenges.
Importance of Electronic Networks in Nursing
Nurses can leverage electronic networks to enhance support for patients and caregivers. Research by Brennan, Moore, and Smyth (1991) demonstrated that electronic networks could effectively facilitate communication between home care clients and their caregivers. This enhances care coordination and ensures that patients receive consistent support.
Limited Research on Electronic Networking
Despite the potential benefits, there is a notable lack of nursing research focused on electronic networking. This gap hinders the understanding of how these technologies can be integrated into nursing practice to improve patient outcomes.
Case Study In Nursing And Electronic Means
Several anecdotal reports and case studies have illustrated the successful implementation of electronic networks in nursing practice.
Early Initiatives
Sparks (1993) advocated for the use of electronic networks to promote resource availability for nurses. One of her significant contributions was the establishment of the Educational Technology Network (ETNet), which aimed to facilitate the exchange of information among nurses, educators, and students. This initiative marked the first international electronic network managed by a nurse.
Additional Examples
Other notable efforts include Barnsteiner’s work on nursing resource availability through the Online Journal of Nursing Knowledge Synthesis and Graves’s development of the Virginia Henderson STTI Electronic Library. Such initiatives underscore the growing recognition of electronic networking’s value in nursing education and practice.
Impact Of Information Technology On Health Care
The integration of information technology (IT) into healthcare has transformed how services are delivered and how care is coordinated. As IT continues to evolve, its impact on nursing practice becomes increasingly significant.
Enhancing Patient Care
Nurses rely on information technology to access clinical guidelines, track patient data, and communicate with interdisciplinary teams. Electronic health records (EHRs) have become a cornerstone of modern nursing, allowing for comprehensive patient data management and streamlined workflows.
Local and National Networks
Local electronic networks, such as clinical information systems, enable nurses to share critical patient information within healthcare teams. These networks are often linked to larger national systems, facilitating comprehensive data sharing and analysis. For instance, public health agencies can gather data on health trends, enabling proactive measures in community health initiatives.
Need for Research
Despite the apparent benefits of electronic networking, there is a pressing need for research examining its effects on nursing and healthcare outcomes. Investigating how electronic networks can be used effectively will ensure that they contribute positively to patient care.
Promoting Evidence-Based Practice
Integrating electronic networking into all stages of research can help establish a scientific foundation for the appropriate application of these technologies. By promoting evidence-based practices, healthcare professionals can leverage electronic networks to improve patient care and health outcomes.
Conclusion
The impact of electronic networking on healthcare, particularly nursing, is profound. By facilitating communication, enhancing access to information, and promoting collaborative research and education, electronic networks have the potential to transform nursing practice. As the healthcare landscape continues to evolve, it is essential for nurses to embrace these technologies and actively engage in research to maximize their benefits for patient care.
Investing in the understanding and implementation of electronic networking will ultimately lead to improved healthcare delivery, patient outcomes, and professional development for nurses.